Abstract
The challenge of ensuring food security in the face of growing global populations and changing climates requires advancements in crop production. Genetic approaches play a crucial role in improving crop yield and disease resistance. This article explores the genetic mechanisms underlying traits related to yield and disease resistance, focusing on the role of gene editing, marker-assisted selection, and transgenic technologies. It discusses the genetic modification of plants for improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, enhanced nutrient uptake, and resistance to pathogens. The article also addresses the potential of genetic engineering in developing crops that can thrive under changing environmental conditions and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.
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