Abstract
Viral infections remain a significant global health challenge, with viruses continuously evolving to evade host immune defenses and establish persistent infections. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying viral infections is critical for developing effective therapeutic strategies and vaccines. This article explores the genetic factors that influence viral entry, replication, immune evasion, and host-pathogen interactions. It delves into the role of host cell receptors, viral genetic mutations, and the adaptation of viruses to host environments. Additionally, the article discusses recent advancements in viral genomics and how they have provided new insights into viral evolution, pathogenicity, and the development of antiviral therapies.
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