Nano-structured Bioelectrodes for Energy and Environmental Applications

Abstract

Nano-structured bioelectrodes have emerged as a promising technology for various energy and environmental applications, primarily due to their enhanced surface area, conductivity, and biocompatibility. These bioelectrodes, fabricated using nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, are pivotal in advancing biofuel cells, biosensors, and environmental monitoring devices. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress in the development and application of nano-structured bioelectrodes, highlighting their potential in clean energy production, waste management, and environmental sensing. The versatility of these bioelectrodes allows for integration into diverse systems, thus contributing to a sustainable future.