Nanotechnology in Enhancing the Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells

Abstract

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional silicon-based photovoltaics due to their lightweight, flexibility, and potential for low-cost fabrication. However, their relatively low power conversion efficiency (PCE) has limited widespread commercialization. Recent advances in nanotechnology have significantly contributed to overcoming key limitations of OSCs by enhancing light absorption, charge transport, and overall device architecture. Nanomaterials such as quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanostructures are being strategically integrated into OSC layers to improve efficiency. This paper explores how nanotechnology is transforming organic photovoltaics, with a particular focus on material innovations and device engineering.