Abstract
Catalysis plays a pivotal role in advancing green chemistry by enhancing the efficiency of chemical processes, minimizing waste, and reducing energy consumption. This article explores the fundamental principles of catalysis, its integration into sustainable practices, and its impact on industrial and environmental applications. Emphasis is placed on heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalytic systems, along with case studies illustrating their benefits in pharmaceutical synthesis, renewable energy, and pollution control. Through catalytic innovation, green chemistry aims to achieve a sustainable future by aligning chemical production with ecological responsibility.
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