Abstract
Cytokines are signaling molecules that play a critical role in regulating immune responses and inflammation. They are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases and influence the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, including drug responses. Understanding the role of cytokines in drug response is essential for improving the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological therapies. This article reviews the role of cytokines in modulating drug responses, exploring both the beneficial and detrimental effects of cytokine activity. We also discuss cytokine-targeted therapies and the future directions of immunomodulation in personalized medicine and drug development.
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