Abstract
Genome assembly and annotation are fundamental steps in understanding the genetic makeup of organisms. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, computational methods have become essential for assembling and annotating genomes accurately and efficiently. This article reviews the key computational approaches used in genome assembly and annotation, including de novo and reference-based assembly techniques, as well as functional annotation methods. We also discuss the challenges in these processes, such as dealing with complex genomes and incomplete data, and highlight the future directions in genome analysis.
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