Bioinformatics Tools for the Functional Annotation of Genomes

Abstract

Functional annotation of genomes involves the identification and interpretation of genes and other functional elements within a genome. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, the volume of genomic data has exploded, necessitating the development of bioinformatics tools that can efficiently and accurately annotate genomes. This article reviews the bioinformatics tools and methods used for genome annotation, focusing on functional annotation, gene prediction, and the identification of regulatory elements. We also discuss challenges in the field, such as the annotation of non-coding regions and the integration of multi-omics data to enhance genome annotation.